Targeting the ecmascript AST

# kevin curtis (16 years ago)

Following on from the recent discussions on ecmascript as a compiler target and Brendan's point re targeting the AST, I have coded a user-friendly pseudocode-ish syntax which targets the V8 ecmascript AST: 'zedscript' aka 'zed is ecmascript for dummies'. (And given the focus of the list i won't be posting followup's - but i hope it may be of interest to some readers). The code can be found at: code.google.com/p/zedscript

Zedscript runs in the V8 ecmascript engine. That is, there is no parsing zedscript source -> javascript source phase. It targets the

AST directly.

The V8 scanning/parsing source code has been altered to allow the V8 engine to compile and run both ecmascript and zedscript. It reuses the V8 tokens/scanning/parsing/runtime/errorhandling machinery. This reduces abstraction leakages and aids debugging. zedscript can call ecmascript and vice-versa. (Calling jsfunction.toString() can be surprising however!).

A zedscript script can be run via the V8 shell: ./shell <zedscriptfile>

So, zedscript provides a thin layer of syntax sugar over the core ecmascript semantics which will (hopefully):

* show the emerging rich 3.1 and 4(Harmony) semantics in the best
  possible best light.
* minimizes quirks and gotchas.
* emphasize simplify, security, safety and speed. For instance
  ecmascript 3.1 'strict mode' could be enabled by default.
* is not a port of existing languages e.g python, ruby. (Imho
  emcascript does not need 1001IronXXX ports.
  It needs one good alternate syntax - which can take inspiration
  from the sugar/syntax of other pragmatic languages - but can be
  considered a dialect of the core ecmascript semantics rather than
  a new language or port).
* hits the sweet spot between succinctness and pseudocode readability.

The goal is to track ecmascript 3.1 and 4/Harmony and deliver zedscript 3.1 and 4 on the V8 engine. (And maybe on tracemonkey and sfx/nitro). It could be considered a synthesis of Brendan's goal of sugar for es4 and Douglas Crockford's idea re a 'new' language. I feel that some users - especially those without a comp. sci background - will never get on with the curlies syntax. An alternate syntax in addition to the javascript syntax

  • especially for esHarmony - could really help promote ecmascript as a general purpose scripting language. Even if something like this never gets into the browser it would be useful for server and desktop development.

Here an example 'ztest/sample.js'. Note how the script begins with //zed to signal to V8 it's a zedscript file. (This is a temporary solution).

//zed // - currently has a dylan/moo -ish syntax // - the parens around the expression could change to // a more ruby/lua -ish syntax, with optional do/then.

print("*** start\n")

var x = 10 var y = 20

// if has elif clauses // and/or are aliases for &&/|| if (x == -99) print("FAIL") elif (x == 10 and y > 15) print("OK") elif (x == -99 or y > -99) print("FAIL") else print("FAIL") end

// not as alias for ! var b = false; print(!b) print(not b)

// fn as alias for function fn times2(i) return i * 2 end

var z = 1 while (z <= 5) print(z + " : " + times2(z++)) end

print("\n*** end ");